Model MCQ's ISC Sociology
Social Stratification
1. What is the difference between sex and gender?
(A) Both are biological terms
(B) Sex is biological; gender is sociological
(C) Gender is biological; sex is sociological
(D) Both (B) and (C)
(B) Sex is biological; gender is sociological
2. What does the term xenophobia refer to?
(A) Fear of animals
(B) Love of foreign cultures
(C) Hatred of one's own culture
(D) Fear of foreigners
(D) Fear of foreigners
3. Who coined the term Brahminization?
(A) Karl Marx
(B) Max Weber
(C) M.N. Srinivas
(D) Emile Durkheim
(C) M.N. Srinivas
4. What is social inequality?
(A) Equal distribution of resources
(B) No division of social roles
(C) Equal opportunities for all
(D) Unequal access to resources and power in society
(D) Unequal access to resources and power in society
5. What is Sanskritization?
(A) Process of modernization
(B) Process of adopting Brahminical practices by lower castes
(C) Economic upliftment of lower castes
(D) Social mobility through wealth
(B) Process of adopting Brahminical practices by lower castes
6. What is meant by racism?
(A) Systemic mistreatment based on nationality
(B) Discrimination based on religion
(C) Systemic mistreatment based on race/color/ethnicity
(D) Mistreatment based on political views
(C) Systemic mistreatment based on race/color/ethnicity
7. Which of the following is NOT a feature of social stratification?
(A) It is natural
(B) It is social
(C) It is ancient
(D) It is diverse
(A) It is natural
8. What is an achieved status?
(A) A position you are born into
(B) A position related to family ties
(C) A position assigned by society
(D) A position you gain through education or skills
(D) A position you gain through education or skills
9. What is the concept of role in social stratification?
(A) A position with no responsibilities
(B) Rights and duties associated with a status
(C) Inherited social traits
(D) Economic status
(B) Rights and duties associated with a status
10. Who defines social stratification as a system of differentiation?
(A) Mayer
(B) Marx
(C) Weber
(D) Durkheim
(A) Mayer
11. Which feature of caste prevents social mobility?
(A) Achieved status
(B) Ascribed status
(C) Universalism
(D) Economic class
(B) Ascribed status
12. Which theory states that caste was created by Brahma?
(A) Occupational Theory
(B) Political Theory
(C) Theory of Divine Origin
(D) Theory of Mana
(C) Theory of Divine Origin
13. What is endogamy?
(A) Marrying within one's caste
(B) Marrying outside one's caste
(C) Marrying outside one's caste
(D) Marrying based on love
(A) Marrying within one's caste
14. Which feature characterizes the caste system in India?
(A) Open mobility
(B) Endogamy
(C) Equal social rights
(D) Class-based marriages
(B) Endogamy
15. Which sociologist discussed the class system as "open and elastic"?
(A) Max Weber
(B) Emile Durkheim
(C) Karl Marx
(D) Ogburn and Nimkoff
(D) Ogburn and Nimkoff
16. What is the primary factor determining class status?
(A) Gender
(B) Wealth and income
(C) Race
(D) Religion
(B) Wealth and income
17. What is social mobility?
(A) Movement between different classes or social strata
(B) Lack of economic growth
(C) Refusal to change social status
(D) Moving within the same social class
(A) Movement between different classes or social strata
18. According to Weber, which of the following is NOT a type of inequality?
(A) Economic
(B) Status-based
(C) Political
(D) Religious
(D) Religious
19. What is meant by hierarchy in social stratification?
(A) Equality of all individuals
(B) Interchangeable roles
(C) Rotation of statuses
(D) Ranking of individuals in a system of superordination and subordination
(D) Ranking of individuals in a system of superordination and subordination
20. What distinguishes class from caste?
(A) Class is closed, caste is open
(B) Caste is ascribed, class is achieved
(C) Class is based on gender, caste is based on occupation
(D) Both systems are closed
(B) Caste is ascribed, class is achieved
21. Which of the following describes Sanskritization?
(A) Adoption of Western values
(B) Movement between economic classes
(C) Process of upward social mobility through imitation of higher castes
(D) Downgrade in social status
(C) Process of upward social mobility through imitation of higher castes
22. What is the meaning of the term "race"?
(A) Biological inheritance of physical traits
(B) Political association
(C) Economic classification
(D) Caste-based classification
(A) Biological inheritance of physical traits
23. Which theory suggests caste evolved from occupational divisions?
(A) Political Theory
(B) Occupational Theory
(C) Divine Theory
(D) Racial Theory
(B) Occupational Theory
24. What is gender bias?
(A) Equal treatment of all genders
(B) Political discrimination
(C) Economic discrimination
(D) Preferential treatment based on gender
(D) Preferential treatment based on gender
25. Which of the following was a factor in the rise of caste mobility?
(A) Industrialization
(B) Decline of Western influence
(C) Decrease in education
(D) Preservation of caste barriers
(A) Industrialization
26. What does the term "ethnicity" refer to?
(A) Biological traits
(B) Shared cultural and social identity
(C) Social class
(D) Economic status
(B) Shared cultural and social identity
27. What is xenophobia?
(A) Fear and hatred of foreigners
(B) Celebration of foreign cultures
(C) Acceptance of diversity
(D) Hatred of one's own culture
(A) Fear and hatred of foreigners
28. Which of the following is an example of a racial trait?
(A) Wealth
(B) Skin colour
(C) Education
(D) Language
(B) Skin colour
29. Which Act was introduced to address child marriages in India?
(A) Hindu Marriage Act
(B) Equal Pay Act
(C) Dowry Prohibition Act
(D) Child Marriage Restraint Act, 1929
(D) Child Marriage Restraint Act, 1929
30. What is meant by social inequality?
(A) Economic equality in society
(B) Differences in social status and power among individuals
(C) Political inequality
(D) Equal opportunities for all
(B) Differences in social status and power among individuals
31. Which feature of social stratification is found universally?
(A) Gender-based discrimination
(B) Caste-based hierarchy
(C) Division into rich and poor
(D) Endogamous marriages
(C) Division into rich and poor
32. According to Weber, what is 'status'?
(A) Social honour or prestige
(B) Economic wealth
(C) Political power
(D) Religious standing
(A) Social honour or prestige
33. Which of the following contributes to social mobility?
(A) Fixed social roles
(B) Education and skills development
(C) Traditional occupation
(D) Birth into a higher caste
(B) Education and skills development
34. What is the role of family in maintaining ethnicity?
(A) It acts as a link between past and present
(B) It prevents cultural transmission
(C) It eliminates social stratification
(D) It promotes economic inequality
(A) It acts as a link between past and present
35. Which Act addresses sexual harassment at the workplace in India?
(A) Criminal Law Amendment Act, 2013
(B) Hindu Succession Act
(C) Indecent Representation of Women Act
(D) Sexual Harassment Bill, 2012
(D) Sexual Harassment Bill, 2012
36. What is a social class?
(A) A group with the same racial traits
(B) A political party
(C) A religious group
(D) A group with similar social status and economic standing
(D) A group with similar social status and economic standing
37. Who provided the 'Occupational Theory' of caste origin?
(A) M.N. Srinivas
(B) Nesfield
(C) Max Weber
(D) Emile Durkheim
(B) Nesfield
38. Which social reform movement addressed caste-based inequality?
(A) Satyashodhak Samaj
(B) Brahmo Samaj
(C) Swadeshi Movement
(D) Telangana Movement
(A) Satyashodhak Samaj
39. Who is associated with the Divine Origin theory of caste?
(A) Rig Veda
(B) Manusmriti
(C) Mahabharata
(D) Ramayana
(A) Rig Veda
40. What does the term 'ascribed status' mean?
(A) Status earned through personal achievement
(B) Status determined by birth
(C) Status based on educational qualifications
(D) Status related to professional success
(A) Status determined by birth
41. What is meant by 'status group' in class theory?
(A) Group based on political beliefs
(B) Group based on religious beliefs
(C) Group based on biological traits
(D) Group based on lifestyle and social honour
(D) Group based on lifestyle and social honour
42. What is the consequence of social stratification?
(A) Equal treatment of all individuals
(B) Social inequality and discrimination
(C) Equal distribution of resources
(D) Universal class mobility
(B) Social inequality and discrimination
43. What is 'role' in social stratification?
(A) Inherited duties
(B) Permanent occupation
(C) Rights and duties attached to a status
(D) Individual's biological identity
(C) Rights and duties attached to a status
44. Which Act was introduced to prevent dowry-related harassment in India?
(A) Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961
(B) Equal Rights Act
(C) Child Marriage Restraint Act
(D) Hindu Succession Act
(A) Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961
45. What is meant by glass ceiling effect?
(A) Unrestricted access to high positions for women
(B) Invisible barriers preventing women from reaching top positions
(C) Equal gender representation in the workforce
(D) Legal restrictions on women's promotion
(B) Invisible barriers preventing women from reaching top positions
46. Which of the following is NOT an example of racial traits?
(A) Skin color
(B) Eye shape
(C) Wealth
(D) Hair texture
(C) Wealth
47. What is the purpose of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956?
(A) Prevent caste discrimination
(B) Equal inheritance rights for women
(C) Prevent dowry exchange
(D) Legalize inter-caste marriages
(B) Equal inheritance rights for women
48. Which of the following concepts is related to gender bias?
(A) Unequal wages for men and women
(B) Economic equality
(C) Equal political representation
(D) Equal opportunities for promotion
(A) Unequal wages for men and women
49. What is the main characteristic of a closed system like caste?
(A) Open mobility between groups
(B) Universal equality of members
(C) Fluid boundaries between castes
(D) Fixed roles with no social mobility
(D) Fixed roles with no social mobility
50. Which reform movement addressed female infanticide in India?
(A) Arya Samaj
(B) Swadeshi Movement
(C) Brahmo Samaj
(D) Satyashodhak Samaj
(C) Brahmo Samaj
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